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第一章
原文：
道可道，非常道；名可名，非常名。
无名，天地之始；有名，万物之母。
故常无欲，以观其妙；常有欲，以观其徼。
此两者，同出而异名，同谓之玄。
玄之又玄，众妙之门。
解释：“道”如果可以用言语来表述，那它就是常“道”(“道”是可以用言语来表述的，它并非一般的“道”)；“名”如果可以用文辞去命名，那它就是常“名”(“名”也是可以说明的，它并非普通的“名”)。“无”可以用来表述天地浑沌未开之际的状况；而“有”，则是宇宙万物产生之本原的命名。因此，要常从“无”中去观察领悟“道”的奥妙；要常从“有”中去观察体会“道”的端倪。无与有这两者，来源相同而名称相异，都可以称之为玄妙、深远。它不是一般的玄妙、深奥，而是玄妙又玄妙、深远又深远，是宇宙天地万物之奥妙的总门(从“有名”的奥妙到达无形的奥妙，“道”是洞悉一切奥妙变化的门径)。
老子道德经第一章原文及译文 (daodejing.org)
英译：
First version:
The Way that can be told of is not an Unvarying Way;
The names that can be named are not unvarying name.
It was from the Nameless that Heaven and Earth sprang;
The named is but the mother that rears the ten thousand creatures, each after its kind.
Truly, ‘Only he that rids himself forever of desire can see a Secret Essence’; He that has never rid himself of desire can see only the Outcomes.
These two things issued from the same mould, but nevertheless are different in name.
The ‘same mould’ we can but call the Mystery,
Or rather the ‘Darker than any Mystery’,
The Doorway whence issued all Secret Essence.
Translated by Arthur Waley, 《道德经：汉英对照》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1997. p.3
Second version：
The Tao that can be expressed in words
Is not true and eternal Tao;
The name that can be uttered in words
Is not the true and eternal name.
The world Nothingness may be used
to designate the beginning of Heaven and Earth;
The world Existence (Being) may be used
to designate the mother of all things.
Hence one should gain an insight into the subtlety
of Tao by observing Nothingness,
and should gain an insight into the beginning
of Tao by observing Existence(Being).
These two things, Nothingness and Existence,
Are of the same origin but different in name.
They are x extremely profound in depth
Serving as the door of myriad secret beings.
Translated by Gu Zhengkun 《道德经》老子著；辜正坤译，——北京：中国对外翻译公司，2006. p.3
Third version：
The way you can go
isn’t the real way.
The name you can say
isn’t the real name.
Heaven and earth
begin in the unnamed:
name’s the mother
of the ten thousand things.
So the unwanting soul
sees what’s hidden,
and the ever-wanting soul
sees only what it wants.
Two things, one origin,
but different in name,
whose identity is mystery.
Mystery of all mysteries!
The door to the hidden.
—— By Ursula K. Le Guin
Forth version:
The Word that can be worded is not the Word perse;
the Name that can be named is not the Name proper.
Nil is the name of the beginning of Heaven and Earth,
and being, the name of the mother of all things.
Therefore, without senses, one has access to subtlety,
and with senses, one has access to demarcation.
The two are of the same origin, the same but with different names.
The profoundest of the profound is the entrance to all subtleties.
—— By 赵彦春 |
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发表于 2022-12-8 08:57:21